Argyrophilic grain disease AGD

Diagnosis:

  • A debatable neurodegenerative condition. Considered a tauopathy.

Pathology:

  • Argyrophilic grains (silver staining grains by Gallyas silver iodide method) in neuropil of the cortex of elderly patients with cognitive symptoms. Shape: spindle shaped, rod-like, button-like or round bodies.
  • Ballooned neurons (a nonspecific finding, silver negative) & coiled bodies in oligodendrocytes (a nonspecific finding) also occur.
  • Commonly occur in: entorhinal cortex, hippocampus CA1 area, amygdala and neighbouring temporal cortex
  • Commonly associated with other pathologies e.g. Alzheimers disease, Pick’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy PSP, corticobasal degeneration, CJD, Lewy body disease, Parkinson’s disease with dementia

Immunohistochemistry:

  • Argyrophilic grains & coiled bodies in oligodendrocytes are tau positive
  • Ballooned neurons are B-crystallin positive

Clinical:

Mainly memory impairment.
Behaviour abnormalities, mood changes

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