WHO grade I
Synonyms:
a.k.a. SGCA
Diagnosis:
Suggested by MRI and confirmed by pathology (brain biopsy/resection)
Findings on Investigations:
CT: Near foramina of Monro, may block it, extends intraventricularly, enhances, may calcify
MRI: Near foramina of Monro, may block it, extends intraventricularly, enhances
Pathology:
Histology: large cells resembling gemistocytic astrocytes with neuron-like nuclei & astrocyte-like cytoplasm, calcifications may be present. Perivascular pseudorosettes.
Immunohistochemistry: Positive for GFAP, S100
Associated with tuberous sclerosis
Treatment:
Surgical Resection
Stereotactic radiotherapy: Gamma knife
mTOR inhibitors:
- Everolimus
- Rapamycin (sirolimus)