Diagnosis:
Clinical:
- Scalp mass that increases with valsalva or lying down & reduces with standing
CT:
- Focal bone defect may be present
- Extracranial venous malformation that enhances heterogenously
- Cortical varix that strongly enhances
CTV shows this well
MRI:
- T1, T2: signal based on flow
- Contrast: Cortical Varix enhances well. Extracranial Venous malformation enhances heterogeneously
MRV shows this well
Catheter Angiogram/angiography:
- Normal arterial phase
- No early draining vein
- Allows classification
Percutanseous venography:
- Shows extracranial venous component & draining scalp veins
Classification:
- Closed: blood originates from & drains into dural venous sinus
- Open: blood comes from dural venous sinus & drains into scalp veins
Treatment:
No treatment is necessary, this is a normal variant