Synonyms:
a.k.a. Multifocal necrotizing leukoencephalopathy
Diagnosis:
Clinical +MRI +/-biopsy
Occurs after Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy
Clinical features:
Encephalopathy
Occurs after Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy
Findings on Investigations:
CT:
- White matter, Periventricular, centrum semiovale. Spares the U fibres
- Hypodensity in white matter. Enhancement can occur.
MRI:
- White matter, Periventricular, centrum semiovale. Spares the U fibres
- T2 hyperintensity. Enhancement can occur.
Pathology:
Necrosis, reactive gliosis, axonal swelling, demyelination,
White matter necrosis, necrosis & loss of myelin & axons which may calcify, lipid-laden macrophages.
Due to:
- Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy
- Septic shock
- Other insults